基于粒子群优化的动力设备主动振动控制研究

Active vibration control for power equipment using particle swarm optimization technique

文章针对动力设备振动控制,利用比例-积分-微分(PID)和线性二次型调节器(LQR)最优控制理论,并引入粒子群优化算法,分别建立了PSO-PID和PSO-LQR主动振动控制器;分别从传递函数和状态空间方程2种角度出发,建立控制模型。数值结果表明,2种主动控制器均能有效降低动力设备传递至基础的峰值力,但PSO-LQR控制器对于体系稳定时态的控制效果明显优于PSO-PID控制器。对于实际工程,需要择优选取一种最适宜方法。针对主动振动控制中存在的时滞现象,对PSO-LQR控制器进行了含时滞研究,结果表明,随着时滞增加,传递至基础的峰值力与无时滞相比大幅增加,呈发散态势。

In this paper, active vibration control strategies for power equipment respectively using proportional-integral-differential（PID） control and Linear Quadratic Regulator（LQR） optimal control were proposed, and the particle swarm optimization（PSO） technique was utilized to construct the PSO-PID and PSO-LQR controllers. Two different control models using the theories of transfer function and state space equation were derived. The numerical results showed that two PSO based controllers could both reduce the peak transmitted force from the equipment to the foundation effectively, however, the PSO-LQR controller could perform better obviously than PSO-PID controller when the system was steady in the time domain, and this phenomenon indicated that a most suitable controller should be selected seriously according to the actual characteristics of different controllers and controlled object in practice. Finally, aiming at the time delay in an active vibration controller, the PSO- LQR controller with time delay was investigated, and the results indicated that the peak transmitted force substantially increased when the time delay increased, and a trend of divergence emerged.