产权保护与农户土地流转合约选择——兼评新一轮承包地确权颁证对农地流转的影响

Property Protection and Contract Choice of Farmland Transfer: Comment on Effect of New-Round Land Titling Farmland Transfer

农村土地流转不规范问题一直备受学界和政府关注。按照"差序格局"理论的观点,农户的合约选择与交易对象密切相关,而完善正式制度和加强承包地产权保护能够通过降低产权风险和交易成本,促使农户选择弱连带或无连带关系者作为承租对象并采取正式合约形式。基于江苏3个确权试点县(市、区)调查问卷的实证分析结果显示,新一轮承包地确权登记颁证和土地流转纠纷调解机构的建立对签订正式合约有显著正向影响。因此,必须以新一轮承包地确权颁证为契机,着力完善农地产权和配套制度,从而促进土地流转规范化。

The informal transfer of farmland is always drawing great concerns of both academia and government. In the view of 'differential order pattern'theory,household contract choice is closely related to the trading object. The improvement of formal institution regarding to farmland protection will prompt farmers to choose the weak- related or non- related tenants and sign formal contracts so as to reduce the cost and risk of land transfer transaction. According to the empirical results based on a survey of three pilot counties in Jiangsu,the implementation of new- round land titling and the land transfer dispute mediation organization has significant positive impacts on the signing of formal contract. It is necessary to put forth effort on improving and optimizing farmland and the supporting system during land titling so as to promote the farmland transfer normalization.