青龙满族自治县女性不同年龄组初发缺血性卒中患病率调查及危险因素研究

Research on Risk Factors and Morbidity Rate of Ischemic Stroke of Female Patients at Different Ages from Qinglong Manzhu Autonomous County

目的:分析青龙满族自治县女性不同年龄组初发缺血性卒中患病率及危险因素。方法:抽取秦皇岛市青龙满族自治县2012年1月至2013年12月18岁以上的女性常住居民1 500人为研究对象,通过自制的"基本情况调查问卷"对其进行调查,并进行影像学分型。结果:所选研究对象中脑卒中发病人数为172人(11.47%),其中青年组2人(1.16%),中年组56人(32.56%),老年组114人(66.28%)。与青年组比较,中、老年组的高血压史发病比例明显降低,而血脂异常则明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);中、老年组各因素比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与青年组比较,中、老年组的影像学分型纹状体内囊区梗死(SCI)、低灌流梗死(LFI)、深穿枝的皮质下小梗死(SSI)、除SSI以外的后循环梗死(PCI)所占比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。影像学分型中各亚型的危险因素中比例最高者均为高血压,且与LFI、SSI、PCI亚组比较,SCI亚组的高血压比例降低明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与SCI、LFI、SSI亚组比较,PCI亚组的血脂异常及糖尿病史危险因素比例升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:女性不同年龄组初发脑卒中者的影像学分型最多者均为SCI型,高血压史、糖尿病史、脑卒中家族史、血脂异常是女性不同年龄组与不同影像学分型发病的常见危险因素,且有青年组的危险因素逐渐向中老年组演进的趋势。

Objective： To analyze the risk factor and morbidity rate ofischemic stroke of female patients at dif- ferent ages from Qinglong Manzhu autonomous county. Methods： All 1 500 female inhabitants more than 18 years old were chosen from January, 2012 to December, 2013 in Qinglong Manzhu autonomous county, and they were in- vestigated by selfmade ＂basic conditions questionnaires＂, and accepted imaging typing. Results： Among the patients, there were 172 patients with stroke （11.47%）, two young patients （1.63%）, 56 middle aged patients （32.56%）, 114 elderly patients （66.28%）. Compared with young patients, hypertension proportion of middle-aged and elderly pa- tients decreased obviously, while blood lipid abnormality increased remarkably, and the difference showed statistical meaning （P〈 0.05）; the difference showed no statistical meaning in the comparison of different factors between the middle-aged and elderly patients （P〉0.05）. Striatocapsular infarction （SCI）, low perfusion infarction （LPI）, subcorti- cal small infarction （SSI）, posterior circulation infarction （PCI） except SSI of middle-aged and elderly patients were compared with these indexes of young patients, and the difference had no statistical meaning （P〉0.05）. Hyperten- sion was of the highest proportion among the risk factors in different subtypes in imaging typing, and compared with LFI, SSI, PCI subgroups, the proportion of hypertension in SCI subgroup decreased notably, and the difference showed statistical meaning （P〈0.05）; compared with SCI, LFI and SSI subgroups, the porportions of risk factors of blood lipid abnormality and the history of diabetes mellitus increased significantly, and the difference showed statis- tical meaning （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The most imaging typing of female patients at different ages with stroke are SCI pattern, the history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, family history of stroke, blood lipid abnormality are common risk factors of female patients at different ages and different imaging typing incidence, which shows the tendency of the risk factors of young patients evolving into middle-aged and elderly patients.