丁草胺和五氟磺草胺复配制剂在水稻移栽田应用效果评价

Application effect of butachlor-penoxsulam mixture in transplanted rice field

【目的】明确410 g/L丁草胺·五氟磺草胺悬浮剂对水稻移栽田杂草的防除效果及对水稻产量的影响,为丁草胺和五氟磺草胺复配制剂在水稻田的广泛应用提供科学依据。【方法】设410 g/L丁草胺·五氟磺草胺悬浮剂4个剂量（615.0、922.5、1230.0和1845.0 g.a.i/ha）处理,以25 g/L五氟磺草胺油悬剂和60%丁草胺乳油为对照药剂处理,并设人工除草和清水空白对照处理,在水稻移栽后10 d、杂草1～2叶期进行茎叶喷药处理。于药后60 d分别监测杂草种群数量,同时取样分析杂草对养分的累积情况,于水稻收获后进行测产。【结果】施用410 g/L丁草胺·五氟磺草胺悬浮剂615.0～1845.0 g.a.i/ha防除移栽稻田杂草效果显著（P〈0.05）,对稗草、异型莎草、鸭舌草和鳢肠的总草防效达92.9%～99.7%;有效改善了田间的光照和水肥条件,水稻产量达6686.36～7038.68 kg/ha,较空白对照增产60.1%～68.5%,每公顷增收6523.53～7439.56元。【结论】410 g/L丁草胺·五氟磺草胺悬浮剂615.0～1845.0 g.a.i/ha剂量下能有效控制移栽稻田杂草生长,减少杂草对水分、养分及空间的竞争,提高田间透光率和水稻养分积累,增产效果显著。

[Objective]In order to provide scientific basis for combined application of butachlor and penoxsulam in paddy fields, the present experiment was conducted to investigate control effect of 410 g/L butachloropenoxsulam suspen- sion concentrate（SC） on weed control in field of transplanted rice. [Method]The butachlor-penoxsulam suspension concen- trate（SC） was sprayed on stems and leaves of weeds at different dosages（615.0, 922.2, 1230.0 and 1845.0 g.a.i/ha） on the 10th day after rice was transplanted, with manual weeding and water treatment as blank control, and 25 g/L penoxsu- lam oil formulation （OF） and 60% butachlor emulsifiable concentrate （EC） as control agentia. After 60 days, the weed population were surveyed, Meanwhile, the accumulation of nutrients in samples was analysed, and the rice yield was determined after harvest. [Result]The results showed that, 410 g/L butachlor-penoxsulam SC showed significant control effect on weeds in paddy fields. The control efficacy on Echinochloa erusga//i, Cyperus difformis, Monochoria vaginalis and E- clipta prostrate ranged from 92.0% to 99.7%. The light intensity, water and nutrient eontents were greatly improved by ap- plication of butaehlor- penoxsulam SC, and the rice yield ranged from 6686.36 to 7038.68 kg/ha, whieh were increased by 60.1%-68.5%, compared with rice yield of blank control. As a result, the income of rice per hectare was increased by 6523.53-7439.56 yuan. [Conclusion]By spraying 410 g/L butachlor.penoxsulam SC on weeds at a dosage of 615.0- 1845.0 g.a.i./ha, weeds can be eontrolled effectively in paddy fields, competition between riee and weed earl be reduced in terms of nutrients, water and space, the light intensity and nutrient accumulation of rice are improved, so that rice yield are increased significantly.