抗条锈病小麦-滨麦衍生后代的分子细胞遗传学鉴定

Molecular Cytogenetics Identification of a Wheat-Leymus mollis Derivative with Resistance to Stripe Rust

为了有效挖掘滨麦优异的基因资源,利用形态学、细胞学、荧光原位杂交(FISH)、基因组原位杂交(GISH)和分子标记等技术,对小麦-滨麦衍生后代M13063-3-3进行了鉴定。结果表明,M13063-3-3的染色体构型为2n=44=22Ⅱ。以滨麦基因组DNA为探针的原位杂交结果显示,二条染色体有杂交信号,且能配对,表明两条外源染色体是滨麦的一对同源染色体。SSR、EST和PLUG标记分析表明,M13063-3-3附加的滨麦染色体归属于第6部分同源群染色体。A-PAGE电泳分析表明,M13063-3-3在α区具有滨麦染色体特征带,进一步验证了附加的滨麦染色体与小麦第6部分同源群染色体有部分同源关系。田间条锈病调查结果表明,M13063-3-3对条锈菌生理小种条中31号、条中32号和条中33号混合菌种表现高抗。因此,M13063-3-3是一个附加了一对滨麦第6部分同源群染色体的抗条锈病的普通小麦材料,为小麦抗病育种提供了新的种质资源。

Exploiting and utilizing excellent gene（s） from wild species has become an essential strategy for wheat improvement. The derivative line M13063-3-3, which was developed from the progeny of common wheat （Triticum aestivum L. ） cv. 7182 and Leymus mollis ,was characterized based on cyto- logical observation,fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）,genomic in situ hybridization （GISH）, simple sequence repeat （SSR）, expressed sequence tag （EST）, PCR-based landmark unique gene （PLUG） markers and morphological analysis. M13063-3-3 contained 22 bivalents during meiosis,while GISH results detected two alien chromosomes. Three SSR markers, three EST markers and two PLUG markers,which were located on the homoeologous group 6 chromosomes of wheat,amplified polymor- phic bands in the derivative line M13063-3-3 ,which were unique to L. mollis. A-PAGE indicated that a region of M13063-3-3 had the specific band of L. mollis. The results further showed that the additive chromosomes belong to the homoeologous group 6 chromosomes of L. rnollis. After inoculation usingof disease re- sistance make M13063-3-3 a promising germplasm for wheat breeding.