日光温室蔬菜残株堆腐后还田对根区土壤环境及蔬菜产量的影响

Effects of vegetable residue compost returning to soil on soil properties and vegetable yield in solar greenhouse

为了探究设施蔬菜收获后剩余残株合理利用的途径,通过温室土壤栽培试验研究了番茄、黄瓜残株堆肥还田(0、15、20、30 t·hm^(-2))对土壤性状及蔬菜生长和产量的影响.结果表明:将番茄、黄瓜残株堆肥处理后还田可降低土壤容重,提高土壤有机质含量、微生物生物量和酶活性,促进蔬菜植株生长,增加蔬菜产量,改善蔬菜营养品质.残株堆肥使用量越多,改善效果越好,且对第二茬春黄瓜的作用效果优于第一茬秋番茄.表明施用蔬菜残株堆肥还田可改善设施蔬菜根区土壤环境,并提高设施蔬菜产量和品质.

In order to explore reasonable utilization of vegetable residue, the effects of application of different levels （ 0, 15, 20, 30 t . hm-2 ） of tomato and cucumber residue compost on soil pro- perties, the leaf photosynthesis and the yield of vegetables were studied in solar greenhouse. The results showed that both kinds of vegetable compost could reduce soil bulk density, increase soil organic matter content, soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity, promote plant growth, and improve vegetable yield and quality. The more amount compost returned, the better was the effect on plant growth and yield. The positive effect of the vegetable residue compost application in the second cucumber growing season was more noticeable than that in the first tomato growing season, which indicated the application of vegetable residue compost could effectively promote soil fertility, increase vegetable yield and improve vegetable nutrient quality.