依法行政下的大气污染治理——以兰州经验为分析样本

Air Pollution Control under the Law-based Administration——Analysis Based on Lanzhou as a Sample

依法行政对大气污染治理的要求体现在合法行政和合理行政两个方面。首先,立法机关需要制定内容合理层级协调的大气污染治理法律法规,应通过立法划清大气污染治理中政府公权力和公民私权利的界限。其次,合法行政和合理行政应贯穿于行政主体治理大气污染的全过程,即行政机关治理大气污染需要有法律法规的依据,行政主体大气污染治理中的权力责任分配需严格依据法律法规。兰州在大气污染治理中总结出了一套经验,其中,可复制性的因素主要体现在地方立法应与立法系统相互协调,注重保护私权利,法治化行政主体之间的权力和责任,划清公权力与私权利的界限并调动公权力外的力量治理大气污染。

The requirement for air pollution control under the law-based administration lies in the legaliza- tion and rationalization of administration. First of all, laws and regulations for air pollution control should be established by the legislature, which should be characteristic of reasonable content and coordinative hierar- chical levels; boundaries should be specified through legislation between the public power owned by the gov- ernment and private rights. Secondly, law-based and rationality-based administrations should be implemented throughout the whole process of administration over air pollution control, which means that the administrative control on air pollution needs to accord with laws and regulations; and the distribution of the administrative power over and responsibility for air pollution control should be strictly implemented according to laws and regulations. Lanzhou＇ s success in air pollution control has set up a showcase that the local legislation should be incorporated into the whole legislation system, private rights should be taken care of, boundaries between administrative authority and responsibility should be specified, and other resources outside public power should be utilized.