目标定向、归因方式及自我评价对运动员自我设限的影响研究

Research on the Influence of the Athletes' Self-handicapping to the Goal Orientation,the Attribution Way and Self Evaluation

研究试图从目标定向、自我评价及归因方式入手,探索运动员在自我设限行为上的心理过程。研究选取252名运动员完成目标定向、运动员自我设限、自我评价及归因量表,对结果进行相关和回归分析。研究结果表明,自我设限行为两维度"降低努力"和"寻找借口"的影响因素具有差异性。自我评价对"降低努力"影响最大,目标取向与归因方式影响较小;目标取向、归因方式和自我评价对"寻找借口"均有显著影响。研究结果显示不同的自我设限策略具有不同的影响机制,未来研究应对设限策略进行独立分析。

This study aims to explore the psychological process of self-handicapping of athlete from perspective of goal orientation,attribution and self-evaluation. The participants are 252 athletes whom filled out five questionnaires： task and ego scale,attribution scale, perceived-ability scale, self-esteem scale and self-handicapping scale,and regression a- nalysis were conducted. Results indicate that： for the ER-self-handicapping, self-esteem is the most significant factor while goal orientation and attribution are relatively minor factors. For the EM-self-handicapping, self-esteem,goal o- rientation and attribution have equivalent influence. These finding suggest the self-handicapping behavior is influenced by different factors with various degree, which merits further research to attack more involved issues in details.