基于网络编码的无线传感器网络瓶颈区域生存时间优化策略

Optimization Strategy of Lifetime for Bottleneck Zone in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Network Coding

在无线传感器网络中,汇聚节点周围的瓶颈区域由于负载过重,容易出现能量空洞问题,导致整个无线传感器网络的生存时间减少.该文提出了一种基于网络编码的优化策略(Optimization Strategy based on Network Coding,OSNC),让瓶颈区域的部分节点采用网络编码,然后再转发给汇聚节点.这样,通过减少数据包的转发次数,从而降低了能量消耗.通过计算节点缓冲区满的概率,分析了此概率对网络生存时间的影响;另外,文中还分析了此策略下瓶颈区域的能耗情况,并计算出了瓶颈区域生存时间的上限.理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,OSNC算法比传统的无网络编码策略节能20%左右,提高网络生存时间近20%;同时,OSNC算法具有很强的适用性,更贴近实际的无线传感器网络.

Because of a heavy data load,the bottleneck zone,which surround the sink node in wireless sensor networks,is prone to the energy-hole problem,thus limiting the lifetime of the whole wireless sensor networks.This paper presented an optimization strategy based on network coding（OSNC）,which let some data packets take network coding in part of nodes in bottleneck zone and then transmit them to sink node.This strategy decreases the number of data transmission, and also reduces energy consumption.This paper also calculates the probability that the node buffer is full,and analyses the impact of this probability for network lifetime.In addition,this paper also analyses energy consumption in bottleneck zone under this strategy,computes upper bound of lifetime for bottleneck zone.In accordance with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,OSNC is lower energy consumption than the traditional strategy without network coding about 20%,and it improves the network lifetime nearly 20%;meanwhile,the OSNC algorithm has strong applicability,closer to the actual wireless sensor networks.