藏族药榜嘎研究进展

Research Progress on Aconitum tanguticum

榜嘎为毛茛科乌头属植物甘青乌头Aconitum tanguticum或船盔乌头A.naviculare的干燥全草,为藏医常用药,其性凉,味苦,有小毒,具清热解毒功效。临床上多以复方的形式用于流行性感冒、传染病发热等疾病治疗。近年来,国内外学者对榜嘎的化学成分及药理活性等方面进行了进一步的研究,取得了较大进展。目前已经从榜嘎中分离鉴定了54个生物碱(以二萜生物碱为主),15个黄酮苷,37个酚酸,16个其他类别的化合物以及一些挥发油类成分。现代药理实验研究表明其具有抗炎镇痛、抗菌、抗肿瘤以及抗病毒等功效。为了更好的开发利用榜嘎植物资源以及阐明其药效物质基础,本文对榜嘎中分离鉴定的化合物、药理活性、质量控制以及临床应用等方面进行相关综述。

Ponka,the whole plant of Aconitum tanguticum and A. naviculare,has been widely used as a traditional Tibetan medicine for many years,it is cold in nature,bitler in taste,slightly toxic,and it has heatclearing and detoxification effects. In clinic it is usually used for the treatment of influenza and fever in infectious diseases. In recent years,the research on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of Ponka has made tremendous progress. The 54 alkaloids（ mainly of diterpenoid alkaloids）,15 flavonoids,37 phenolic acids,16 other compounds and volatile oils have been isolated and identified from Ponka. Ponka exhibited anti-inflammatory,analgesia,antibacterial,anti-tumor and anti-virus effects in modern pharmacological experiment studies. In this article,reviews on the constituents,pharmacological activities,quality control and clinical application of Ponka have been done,as would provide reference for the in depth development and utilization of Ponka.