中印基层自治比较研究

A Comparative Research of Grass-roots Autonomy between China and India

印度的潘查亚特制度有着悠久的历史传统，随着现代化进程转化为印度的基层民主自治制度，并为印度农村带来了诸多改变。中国的村民自治经过近几十年的发展，同样促进了农村基层的民主发展，提升了农民的权利意识。本文试着对两种基层自治制度进行比较，从制度背景、组织架构、职能划分、制度影响等方面，对比两者的异同点，得出二者相互借鉴之处。

Panchayat Raj Institution of India has a long historical tradition. With the modernization process,it has transformed into democratic autonomy system at the grassroots level,and has brought many changes for Indian rural. Villagers’autonomy in China,after the development of recent decades,has also promoted the development of rural grassroots democracy,and increased the farmers’rights consciousness. This paper tries to compare these two grass-roots self-management system in many ways,including system background,organizational structure, function division and institutional influence. Then the paper contrast the differences and similarities between the two system,and concluded the mutual learning from them.