基于近地面温湿度观测的露霜综合判别技术

Comprehensive Discrimination of Dew and Frost Based on Near-Surface Temperature and Humidity Observations

为了探讨露霜观测的综合判别技术,2014年在中国气象局大气探测试验基地建立了近地面温湿度观测系统,利用近地面温湿度、自动气象站以及露霜的人工记录和图像自动记录数据,研究露霜综合判别技术。初步确定草温与近地面露点温度之差为露霜形成的主要判别因子。当草温与近地面露点温度差小于某一阈值时发生结露结霜天气现象,且这个阈值与日最低气温有关。资料分析显示,利用综合指标判别露霜得出结果与实测结果对应较好,一致率达到84.5%。近地面温湿度观测对露霜有较好的指示作用。

In order to explore the comprehensive discrimination technology of dew and frost observation, a near surface temperature and relative humidity observation system was built in the Atmospheric Detection Test Base of CMA in 2014. Based on the near-surface temperature and humidity observations, automatic station data, manual recordings, and video recordings of dew and frost, the comprehensive discrimination technology of dew and frost is investigated. The difference of grass temperature and near-surface dew-point temperature is preliminarily selected as the main distinguishing factor of dew and frost. Dew and frost occur when the difference of grass temperature and near-surface dew-point temperature is less than a threshold, which is related to the lowest temperature of the day. Data analysis shows that the discrimination results of dew and frost by using the comprehensive indexes are close to the actual observations, with the concordance rate being 84.5%. The near-surface temperature and relative humidity have good indication of dew and frost.