水下输油管微孔溢油的实验研究

Experimental Study on Oil Spill through Micropores in Underwater Pipeline

目前大部分溢油研究都是针对大孔径泄漏进行的。文中对水下管道微孔(直径小于5 mm的孔)泄漏溢油进行了实验研究,获得了不同尺寸微孔泄漏与出流系数的关系、不同泄漏量时溢油油滴上升至水面的时间以及泄漏产生的浮羽射流的形态。实验结果表明,出流系数会随着泄漏孔孔径的增大而变大,而泄漏量的增加则会明显缩短溢油上浮至水面的时间,增大羽射流宽度。研究对水下微孔泄漏的溢油扩散提供了实验参考,为今后微孔溢油的相关研究打下基础。

At present, most researches on oil spill are targeted at large amount of leakage through large apertures. In this paper, an experiment on microporous （diameter less than 5 mm） underwater oil spill is carried out to reveal the relationship between different sizes of micropores and flow coefficients, and the time that oil droplets with different amounts of leakage spend to rise to the water surface. This paper also shows the form of floating plume jets of different leakages. Experimental results show that the flow coefficient will increase while the microporous diameter becomes larger. The increase of the amount of leakage will significantly shorten the time that oil spend to rise to water surface, and increases the plume width. This paper provides an experimental reference for the diffusion of oil spill through micropores in the water, and lays a solid foundation for future research on microporous oil spill.