中国ICT产业对美国直接投资的空间分异及时空演化

Spatial Differentiation and Spatial Evolution of Chinese ICT Industry Investment in the United States

基于技术创新和产业升级理论、国际生产折衷理论,采用不平衡指数、空间自相关分析,以中国企业对美国直接投资为例,分析了ICT产业空间分异。结论表明:ICT产业对美直接投资主体是私有企业。2014年之前进入方式均以新建为主,2014年并购项目数首次超过新建项目数,这与投资产业、投资主体的敏感性有密切关系;ICT产业对美直接投资呈现不平衡分布,投资金额、项目数总体呈现离散状态,全局分异明显;总体上对美直接投资集中分布于西海岸地区、五大湖区、开发历史较早的东部地区,广阔的中部地区投资较少,大体分布与美国主要的ICT产业聚集区一致。

Based on the theory of technical innovation and industrial upgrading, the eclectic theory of international production, the pa- per used the balanced index and Spatial autocorrelation, and it took Chinese companies＇ direct investment in the United States as an ex- ample to analyze the spatial variation of ICT industry. Conclusions show that the subjects of direct investment of Chinese ICT industry mainly are private enterprises. It is unbalanced that the Chinese ICT industry directly invested in the US. Generally, direct investment amount and project number shows in the discrete state; On the whole, Chinese ICT industry direct investment is concentrated in the West Coast region, the Great Lake and the distribution is similar to the main distribution area of USA ICT industry. Therefore, enterprises should choose investment destination based on its own business development, external resources and market needs.