抛砖成坝:道光朝东河砖工述略

Building a Dam with Bricks: a Brief Introduction of Brickwork for East River in Dao Guang

清代对河政的重视促使河工新材料和新技术的出现。道光朝东河总督栗毓美探索出抛砖筑坝的护堤方案,砖料相对于旧用的秸料和石料在东河有更好的适用性,故工固而费省,取得了良好的实际效果。然而,这项良策却由于各种原因没有推行下去。通过对东河砖工的行用过程进行阐述,分析砖工的实际作用及价值,探讨"技术锁定"现象的原因,并对新技术推广过程中影响其最终走向的各种因素进行评价。

The emphasis on River governance prompted the emergence of a series of new materials and technologies in the Qing dynasty, the new technique of throwing bricks to build a dam was create by Li Yumei, the governor of East River during Dao Gnang. Brick material has better suitability on the East River, compared to the old one with straw or stone, it made the dam solid, while funds were saved, as a result, it obtained great practical results. However, for a variety of reasons, this great create give up halfway eventu- ally. This article described the complete process of brickwork for the East River. Then, analyzing the practical effect and value of brickwork, in order to analysis the reasons of ＂technological lock-in＂ phenomenon. Ultimately, to analysis the various factors which decide the eventual trend during the promotion of new technologies.