中国宪法变迁实现机制存在的问题及其完善

The Problems and Perfection of the Realization Mechanism of Constitutional Changing in China

中国宪法的变化形态主要是有两种形式:一种是形式主义宪法稳定观意义上的宪法修改,另一种是实质主义宪法稳定观意义上的宪法变迁。宪法变迁作为一种重要的宪法变化形态,主要是以中国共产党的政治实践形式广泛存在的,它对中国改革实践发挥了特定的实效性。也真正因为如此,导致作为主要宪法变迁实现机制的宪法解释处于非典型的地位,这种单一的以政党政治形式主导的"单一化"宪法变迁实现机制,并不能满足"改革宪法"时代人民对宪法的规范性需要,这就为从基本权利体系、宪法修改程序、宪法解释和多元的宪法变迁实现机制等角度完善中国宪法变迁实现机制提供了空间。

The forms of Constitutional change have two ways in China, one is the constitutional amendment in formal, the others is the constitutional changing in effect. As an important form of constitutional change, constitutional changing is widely existed in the political practice of the Communist Party of China. It has played a certain actual effect on the practice of Chinag reform. Re- ally because of this, it result in the constitutional interpretation to be in atypical status as a major realization mechanism of consti- tutional changing, this form of implementation mechanism of constitutional changing can not meet the normative need between the people and the constitution. So it provide much space for perfecting of implementation mechanism of China＇s constitutional chan- ging from view of the system of basic rights, constitution modification program, the Constitution interpretation and muhiple imple- mentation mechanism of constitutional changing.