抚仙湖流域土地退化动态遥感监测研究

Land Degradation Dynamic Remote Sensing Monitoring of Fuxian Lake Basin

通过对抚仙湖流域1974年MSS,1990年TM,2000、2006、2009、2012年ETM+、2014年OLI数据的土地利用/覆被(LUCC)、复合植被指数、水土流失、土地沙化和土壤含水率各指标的获取,构建流域土地退化评价模型,开展抚仙湖流域土地退化评价研究,并采用层次分析法(AHP)构造包含上述5种指标的判断矩阵,利用层次分析软件对判断矩阵的计算分别获得上述退化指标的权重,通过GIS空间分析方法完成对抚仙湖流域土地退化的动态监测与评价并由此提出退化防治综合措施。结果表明:抚仙湖流域土地退化从1974~1990年总退化面积趋势急剧上升,到2000和2006年土地退化面积又有小幅下降,2009和2012年期大幅下降,土地退化总面积到2012年为200.27km^2达到历史最低,2012~2014年总退化面积又有小幅增加,但增幅不大。

Using the 7 years remote sensing data（MSS data of 1974;TM data of 1990,2000;ETM＋ data of 2006,2009,2012 ;OLI data of 2014）calculate five indicators： LUCC, composite vegetation index, water and soil loss,land desertification , soil moisture rate and build land degradation to establish evaluate model of Fuxian Lake basin.Making some studies of land degradation evaluation of Fuxian Lake Basin： using the An- alytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） construct judgment matrixes of the five indicators and calculate weights of the five degradation indicators from judgment matrixes by hierarchical analysis software; land degradation dynamic Monitoring and evaluation based on GIS spatial analysis methods, finally put forward the compre- hensive measures to prevent and solve land degradation.The result shows that：during 1974～ 1990,the area of land degradation of Fuxian Lake Basin in creased sharply,during 2000～2006 the area of land degrada- tion declined slightly;between 2009 and 2012, the total area of land degradation dropped significantly, the area of land degradation was 200.27 km2 ,which was the lowest in history;during 2012～2014 the degrada tion area increased slightly.