双峰驼隐睾组织结构分析

The Histologic and Ultrastructural Characteristics of the Bactrian Camel Testis in Cryptorchidism

比较观察同年龄（2岁）双峰驼（Camelus bactrianous）正常睾丸与隐睾的显微及超微结构特点。采用光镜和电镜制片及组织化学染色技术,比较双峰驼隐睾与正常睾丸的组织结构特点,进而用IPP图像分析软件进行定量分析。结果：光镜下双峰驼隐睾生精上皮由1-3层细胞组成,生精小管平均直径显著减小（P〈0.05）,间质组织面积极显著增加（P〈0.01）,间质/管腔面积比较正常组极显著增大（P〈0.01）。电镜观察,双峰驼正常睾丸生精小管固有膜层发育良好,相邻Sertoli细胞之间形成典型连接复合体;生精细胞之间多处形成细胞间小管和桥粒结构。隐睾生精上皮基膜增生明显,其上半桥粒结构不清晰,发育不成熟的Sertoli细胞相邻细胞膜间存在不完全的桥粒结构,可见相邻精母细胞间的胞质桥及Sertoli细胞与初级精母细胞之间桥粒连接;双峰驼正常睾丸Leydig细胞内滑面型内质网和粗面型内质网相延续;隐睾Leydig细胞形态不规则,胞内肿胀线粒体数量较多,内质网不发达;隐睾间质毛细血管基膜不清晰;血管内皮细胞之间可见缝隙连接。双峰驼隐睾生精小管组织结构主要变化为Sertoli细胞异常分化及精子发育阻滞;隐睾Sertoli细胞多为幼稚型,其与基膜连接的改变以及Sertoli细胞外质特化区形态结构及桥粒结构不完整影响了血-睾屏障构成;Leydig细胞内质网发育不均衡为其分泌功能与机体发育阶段关系研究提供思路。

The histological and ultrastructural features of testis tissue between the healthy Bactri- an camels and the bilateral cryptorchid Bactrian camels were compared at the same ages. The Bac- trian camel scrotal testis and cryptorchidism testis of 2 years old were prepared for light and elec- tron microscopy by histochemistry and transmission electron methods and IPP （Image-Pro Plus） statistics methods were used to identify the characteristics index of seminiferous tubule in the both testis. The observations made with the light microscope showed that the bilateral cryptorchid Bactrian camels with 1-3 layers seminiferous epithelium in seminiferous tubules of much smaller diameter（P〈0.05）, thus accounting for the interstitial area and the ratio of interstitial area and bureaucratic area were significantly increased （P〈0.01）. Electron micrographs of seminiferous tubule showed that the junctional complex between adjacent Sertoli cells, and also the intercellular canaliculi and associated desmosomes between adjacent primary spermatocyte were obviously ob- served in the Bactrian camel scrotal testis,but in the testis of the bilateral cryptorchid Bactrian camels,the lamina propria of seminiferous epithelium were hyperplasia which specifically associat-ed with hemidesmosomes. However,there were rudimentary desmosome between adjacent imma- ture Sertoli cells and the primary spermatocytes were rarely found in the tubular lumen with cyto- plasmic bridge and desmosome between adjacent Sertoli cells and primary spermatocyte. The Leydig cells of the scrotal testis note the typical features of granular reticulum in the cisternae in direct continuity with this type of agranular reticulum,but in the cryptorehidism Leydig cell, the background cytoplasm were crowded with swelling mitochondria and reticulum were not obvious. The capillary vessel of cryptorchid Bactrian camels testis was smaller and the epithelial basal of the lamina was not clear,and the junction were observed between adjacent microvessel endothelial cells. Taken together, the abnormal proliferation of the Sertoli cells and the arrest of spermato- genesis were the main characters in cryptorchidism seminiferous tubule, and the blood-testis barri- er,which affected by the immature Sertoli cells connection with the basement membrane, the de- fects of the ectoplasmic specialization in Sertoli cells and the rudimentary desmosome adjacent be- tween the Sertoli cells and primary spermatocyte,in addition, the paucity of mixed endoplasmic re- ticulum and the differences in the development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum apparent in the Leydig cells of the cryptorehid testis could serve as a meaningful index for the further research of the reticulum involved in steroid biosynthesis may be related to the stage of different ages.