学衡派与新文化派的伦理信仰之争

The Conflicts of Ethical Belief between the Hseuh-heng School and New Culture School

20世纪初期,学衡派与新文化派在建构伦理信仰方面进行了激烈的论争:其一,新文化派彻底否定宗教及其于伦理的终极依据和信仰支持,学衡派则坚持批判继承的态度对待宗教及其与伦理的关系;其二,新文化派否定宗教,却无法否定伦理精神的信仰特质,学衡派亦特别强调伦理精神的宗教情怀;其三,新文化派的伦理信仰是自由,后又被科学所取代,但科学真理并不能安顿生命和实现精神超越,学衡派对此有深刻的批判,并提倡至善的伦理信仰,然而不正视科学真理及其自由精神,也难以建立合理的伦理信仰。反思学衡派与新文化派关于伦理信仰的论争,对于重构当下的伦理信仰大有裨益。

The early 20th century witnessed the conflicts of ethical belief between the Hseuhheng School and New Culture School. The main differences are： first, New Culture School thoroughly denied the ultimate basis and faith support of religion to ethics, while the Hseuh-heng School insisted on an critical inheriting attitude towards the relationship between religion and ethics; second, New Culture School denied religion but cannot deny the religious quality of ethical spirit, while the Hseuh-heng School highlighted the religious characteristics of ethical spirit; third, freedom, as the original ethical belief of New Culture School, was replaced by science, which can hardly comfort life and realize spiritual enhancement, the Hseuh-heng School criticized that idea and put forward the ethical belief of perfectionism. However, reasonable ethical belief cannot be built up without proper evaluation of scientific truth and free spirit. The conflicts of ethical belief between the Hseuh-heng School and New Culture School is quite beneficial to the present reconstruction of ethical belief.