《乡音释义》的声母系统——兼从崇母读音看徽语与闽客方言的渊源

The Initial System of Xiangyin Shiyi《乡音释义》:Also on the Relation of Hui,Min and Hakka Dialect Based on the Pronunciation of MC Chong 崇 Initial

《乡音释义》是距今约200年的婺源浙源乡岭脚村的抄本韵书。本文考证其有23个声母,概括出8条声母系统特点,并联系周边方言重点分析了中古崇母不以中古音韵为条件分化为塞擦音和擦音的现象。文章认为,崇母读清擦音是方言的早期现象,与闽客方言的较早层次一致;崇母读清送气塞擦音则是方言后来的演变,应是古南方通语影响的层次。徽语不能简单看作吴语和赣语的过渡方言。

Xiangyin Shiyi《乡音释义》is a rhyme book written about 200 years ago in Lingjiao village , zheyuan country in Wuyuan county, Anhui Province. This paper proves that there are 23 initials in this book and summarizes 8 rules of the initial system. Based on the book and the surrounding dialects, this paper focuses on the phenomenon that present initials of the characters from MC Chong Initials pronounce as affricates or fricatives irrelevant to their MC phonological features. It argues that the unvoiced fricatives attributes to the earlier layer of Hui dialects and ensures uniformity to earlier layer of Min and Hakka dialects. The unvoiced aspirated affricates is the later evolvement of Hui dialects which is influenced by ancient common language of southern China. Hui dialects are not simply transition dialects between Wu and Gan dialects.