延边地区牛气肿疽的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of Clostridium chauvoei infection in cattle in Yanbian Area

本研究旨在了解吉林省延边地区气肿疽的流行情况,分别采用血涂片染色镜检法和PCR方法对延边地区4个县市的165头份牛的血液样本进行了检测,并对不同地区、不同饲养方式、不同品种、不同年龄、不同地理条件等采集的样本进行了比较。结果显示,PCR方法检测牛气肿疽的平均阳性率为15.2%(25/165),显著高于血涂片染色镜检法检测的阳性率8.5%(14/165)。统计学分析表明,牛气肿疽感染率在不同地区、不同品种之间差异性不显著(P>0.05);而不同年龄、不同地理条件气肿疽感染率差异性显著(P<0.05);在个体农户饲养方式中的阳性率显著高于规模化养殖方式(P<0.01),说明牛感染气肿疽受年龄、地理条件、饲养方式等因素的影响较大。本试验表明吉林省延边地区是牛气肿疽的流行地区,为当地的牛气肿疽的防控提供了理论依据。

The purpose of the research was to analyze the epidemic situation of Clostridium chau- voei in Yanbian Area of Jilin Province,so we tested 165 cattle blood samples from 4 counties and cities in Yanbian Area by using blood smear staining microscopy and polymerase chain reaction （PCR） assay. We made comparisons from different regions,different feeding ways,different varieties,different ages and different geographical conditions. The results showed that the average positive rate of PCR assay for the detection of c chauvoei infection was 15.2%（25/165）,significantly higher than that of blood smear staining microscopic examination with the positive rate of 8.5%（14/165）.Statistical analysis showed that bovine emphysema disease infection rate between the different regions and different varieties of difference was not significant（P〉0.05）;but the different ages and different geographical conditions were significant （P〈0.05）;the positive rate in individual farmers was significantly higher than that of the scale of farming methods （P〈0.01）,illustrating that the infection of d chauvoei in cattle was af- fected more by the age groups,geographical conditions,breed and rearing methods. The experiment results show that the Yanbian Area,Jilin Province,is an endemic area of c chauvoei infection,and the research provides theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of local bovine emphysema disease.