多棘海盘车体壁脱钙工艺的研究

Study on optimization and changes of bodywall of Asterias amurensis in the process of decalcification

多棘海盘车体壁主要由胶原纤维形成的三维立体网构成,孔洞由无机物填充,钙含量高。为提取胶原蛋白或明胶,首先要对多棘海盘车的体壁进行脱钙处理。本文主要研究盐酸对多棘海盘车体壁进行脱钙处理的工艺及脱钙前后多棘海盘车体壁的变化情况。在对脱钙工艺中的盐酸浓度、脱钙时间、料液比单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验,优化结果表明:盐酸浓度为1.0 mol/L,脱钙时间为21 h,料液比为1∶10,体壁脱钙率可达73.85%。多棘海盘车体壁在脱钙处理后韧性增强,内部结构变得松散、粗糙。在脱钙过程中,盐酸逐渐渗透到体壁内部,无机离子从内部扩散出来。

The collagen fibres of the bodywall from Asterias amurensis form a three- dimensional orthogonal web.Voids in the web contain ossicles and papulae. The inorganic substance is mainly calcium.In order to extract collagen from A.amurensis bodywall,inorganic layer should be detached first. Optimization and changes of bodywall during the process of decalcification was studied.Changes under influential factors were described.These factors included concentration of hydrochloric acid,solid- to- liquid ratio,and decalcification time. On the basis of single factor experiment,the results by orthogonal experiment show that the optimal conditions were hydrochloric acid concentration 1.0 mol / L,solid- to- liquid ratio 1 ∶ 10,and decalcification time 21 h. After the decalcification,the de- calcification rate can reach to 73.85%.After the decalcification,the bodywall became thin and soft.The internal structure became loose and rough.As the decalcification went on,hydrochloric acid gradually penetrated into the internal structure,metal ions diffused from the inside.