颈动脉超声对颈动脉狭窄及脑卒中的早期诊断价值

The value of early diagnosis for patients with carotid artery stenosis and stroke treated with carotid ultrasound

目的探讨颈动脉超声对颈动脉狭窄及脑卒中的早期诊断价值。方法选择2013-01—2014-01我院收治的200例颈动脉超声检查患者,采取颈动脉超声检查,对检查结果进行分析。结果 〉60岁患者在吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病及下肢动脉疾病分别为124例（75.2%）、102例（61.8%）、71例（43.0%）、70例（42.4%）、48例（29.1%）,与≤60岁患者相比,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.421、6.304、5.395、8.425、7.294,P〈0.05）。200例患者中,血管狭窄≥50%63例（31.5%）,其中颈动脉狭窄≥70%24例（12.0%）,狭窄50%~69%者37例（18.5%）,其中下肢动脉疾病者重度狭窄比例最高。对颈动脉狭窄进行多因素分析,其中年龄〉60岁、冠心病和下肢动脉疾病是颈动脉狭窄的主要影响因素（P=0.012、0.012、0.009）。结论颈动脉超声检查对于颈动脉狭窄及脑卒中患者具有重要的应用意义。年龄〉60岁、冠心病及下肢动脉疾病是危险因素,需要重点关注及采取适当措施,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the value of early diagnosis for patients with carotid artery stenosis and stroke treated with carotid ultrasound. Methods Two hundred patients with carotid artery stenosis and stroke were selected from January 2013 to January 2014. All patients took carotid ultrasound examination. The examination results were analyzed. Results Compared with patients 460 years old, 〉 60 years old in patients with smoking, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and lower extremity arterial disease were 124 cases（75.2%）, 102 cases（61.8%）, 71 cases（43.0%）, 70 eases（42.4%）, 48 cases（29.1% ）, the differences were statistically significant （Z2 = 7. 421, 6. 304, 5. 395, 8. 425, 7. 294, P〈0.05）. Of 200 patients, stenosis ≥50% of patients was 63 cases, accounting for 31.5%, of which carotid stenosis ≥70% of patients was 24 cases, accounting for 12.0%. Stenosis 50%-69% of patients was 37 cases, accounting for 18.5%. The highest proportion of severe stenosis was lower extremity arterial disease. Ultrasound in multivariate analysis, including age〉60 years old, coronary heart disease and lower extremity arterial disease were the main factors of carotid stenosis （P= 0. 012, 0. 012, 0. 009）. Conclusion Ultrasound for stroke patients with carotid stenosis and carotid artery has an important value. Age 〉60 years old, coronary heart disease and lower extremity arterial disease are risk factors, we need to focus on and take appropriate measures to improve the quality of life of patients.