纳米镍/镁铝水滑石/活性炭复合材料的制备及染料污水的降解

Synthesis of nano-Ni/Mg Al-LDHs/activated carbon composite and degradation of dye wastewater

在超声辅助的条件下,通过共沉淀法制备了纳米镍/镁铝水滑石/活性炭复合材料(nano-Ni/Mg Al-LDHs/AC),并将其用于染料的催化降解。复合材料的制备分为2个步骤,首先在真空条件下,通过共沉淀法在活性炭载体上制备镁铝水滑石(Mg Al-LDHs);再通过抗坏血酸的还原作用将纳米镍沉积到Mg Al-LDHs/AC表面。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等测试方法表征了所制备样品。Mg Al-LDHs分布在活性炭表面,呈现花状平板结构,粒径大小为(80±30)nm,纳米镍修饰在Mg Al-LDHs/AC表面,平均粒径40 nm。所制备的复合材料对甲基橙、孔雀绿和亚甲基蓝的降解率均达到98%以上。

With the aid of ultrasound,a nano-nickel-modified magnesium and aluminum hydrotalcite / activated carbon composite（ nano-Ni / Mg Al-LDHs / AC） was prepared using a co-precipitation method and applied to the degradation of dyes. The preparation of materials involved two processes; magnesium and aluminum hydrotalcite（ Mg Al-LDHs） were co-precipitated at the AC in one pot,and then nano-Ni was deposited at the surface of Mg Al-LDHs / AC with reduction of ascorbic acid. The present materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy（ FE-SEM）,energy-dispersive spectroscopy（ EDS）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,and Fourier transform infrared（ FT-IR） spectroscopy. The Mg Al-LDHs were well distributed at the surface of activated carbon with an average size of（ 80 ± 30） nm,and resembled flower-like plates. Nano-Ni was coated on Mg Al-LDHs / AC with an average thickness of 40 nm. The degradation efficiency of methyl orange,malachite green,and methylthionine chloride all reached 98% using nano-Ni / Mg Al-LDHs / AC as a catalyst.