纳米碳酸钙与矽尘对作业工人肺功能影响的对比

A comparative study on pulmonary function of workers exposed to nano-calcium carbonate and silica dusts

目的对比分析纳米碳酸钙与矽尘对作业人员肺功能影响的差异,为探索纳米碳酸钙对人体肺部的影响提供参考。方法以某纳米碳酸钙生产企业70名接触纳米碳酸钙的工作人员为观察组,按照年龄和工龄、性别、吸烟指数1∶1匹配,以某企业70名接触矽尘工人作为对照组,对两组人员胸部X线及肺功能检查结果进行比较分析。结果两组人员的胸部X线检查均未发现明显纤维化的改变;肺功能检查发现纳米碳酸钙组异常率高于矽尘组（P〈0.05）,且主要表现为限制性通气功能障碍;观察组（女）、（男＋吸烟）FVC及VC实测值占预计值的百分比均低于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组（男＋吸烟）FEV1%、FEF25~75、FEF50%、FEF75%、FEV1/VC%实测值占预计值的百分比均高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论纳米碳酸钙接触可影响工人的肺功能,其影响是否较矽尘更大值得商榷。

Objective To explore the effect of nano calcium carbonate （CaCO3 ） on human lungs by analyzing the difference of pulmonary function between workers exposed to nano-CaCO3 and silica dust. Methods 70 workers exposed to nano CaCO3 from a nano-CaCO3 production enterprise and 70 workers exposed to silica dust were recruited as the subjects exposed to nano-CaCO3 and Si02, respectively, two groups were well matched in age, length of service, sex and smoking index （exposed ： control = 1 ： 1 ）. Then, the chest radiogram and pulmonary function test were conducted and the results were compared between the two groups. Results It was showed that there was no obvious fibrosis change was found in chest radiograms; the pulmonary function test found that the abnormal rate in nano-CaCO3 group was higher than that of silica dust-exposed group （ P〈 0. 05） and restrictive ventilation dysfunction was the commonest fingding. Percentages of actual measured values of VC and FVC to predicted values in some subgroups （female, male and smoker） of nano-CaCO3-exposed group were lower than that of silica dust-exposed group （P〈0. 05）; while the percentages of actual measured values of FEV,%, FEF25_75, FEFs0%, FEF7s%, FEVj/VC% to the predicted values in some subgroups （ male and smoker） of nano-CaCO3-exposed group were higher than those in silica dust-exposed group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Nano-ealeium carbonate exposure can affect workers＇ pulmonary function, but further studies will be still needed to determine whether the effect of nano-caleium carbonate on pulmonary function is more severe than that of silica dust.