西安地区热岛效应与景观生态格局相关性研究

Relation Between the Urban Heat Island Effect and Landscape Ecological Pattern in Xi'an Region

从景观生态学角度出发,基于2013年西安地区逐日平均、最高和最低气温数据以及遥感影像资料,运用数理统计和数字图像处理等方法,研究冬、夏季节地面气温表征的城市热岛效应变化特征,获取土地覆盖/利用类型信息。在此基础上,分析该地区景观格局特征,以及热岛效应与土地利用景观格局的关联性。结果表明:西安市城市建成区冬季、夏季均存在明显的热岛效应,且热岛效应对日最低温度敏感性更高;热岛效应强度与城镇用地和林地的面积、破碎度、斑块占景观总面积比、景观形状和斑块结合度均存在联系,且热岛效应对城镇用地景观格局的敏感性冬季高于夏季,而对林地景观格局的敏感性则是夏季高于冬季。

Based on the daily average,maximum and minimum temperature in January and June of 7 weather stations in Xi ＆#39;an of Shaanxi Province,the daily changes of urban heat island in summer and winter were studied by using the mathematical statistics meth-od,firstly.From the view of landscape ecolgy,the landuse classification image on 25 June 2015 from Landsat 8 was obtained by the supervised classificaition and interpretation,and on this basis the dynamic response of urban heat island to landscape pattern and the relationship of them were analyzed.The results showed that the urban heat island effect was obvious in urban area of Xi＆#39;an both in winter and summer,and it had highest sensitivity to the minimum temperature.The intensity of urban heat island was closely related with the landscape pattern indexes of woodland and urban land,such as the area,fragmentation,percentage of patch,shape and cohe-sion indexes.Thereinto,the sensitivity of heat island effect to urban land in winter was higher than that in summer,while for forest land in summer it was higher than that in winter.