苏铁种子发育生物学研究

Study on the Developmental Biology of Cycas revoluta Thunb.Seed

[目的]为苏铁植物类群的进一步研究提供参考。[方法]通过种子繁育试验,观察研究苏铁授粉后种子的形成和发育过程的形态和构造。[结果]研究结果表明,从胚珠受粉到种子生理成熟一般需9个多月,大致可分为灌浆期、硬核期、红熟期和完熟期;红熟期种子仍处于原胚状态,其原胚要跨年才能逐渐形成一个完整的胚。种子萌发过程可分为吸胀、萌动、发芽、成苗4个阶段。成苗阶段其子叶仍留在种壳内,属子叶留土型。[结论]研究结果对于苏铁的繁殖和保护具有重要的指导意义。

[Objective] The aim was to provide the reference for further research of Crcas revoluta Thunb. groups. [Method] Seed morphology and structure were examined in the course of formation and devclpment seed of cyeas revoluta after pollination by its seed growing experiments. [Result]The results showed that： it needed more than nine months from pollination to physiological maturity. The course was divided into four periods ,such as primary endosperm （a liquid state） stage, nuciferous （a colloidal state）stage, pro-embryo （a solid slate）stage and full-ripe （physiological maturity）stage. The emblyo was still one pro-emt）ryo when ils seed coat had ah＇eady started to color red. The embuo must be going on with cell division and differentiation till it formed a physiological maturity embryonie plant body next year. The proeess of seed germination could be divided into four stages, such as imbibitions, protrusion, germination and seedling establishment. At seedling establishment stage, its cotyledon remained in the shell. It belonged to hypogeal germinatiml. [Condusion] The resuhs of these studies would be great importance for propagation and protection in Cycas re voluta Thunb.