基于语用论辩学的批判性阅读模式研究

Construction of a New Critical Reading Model Based on the Theory of Pragma-Dialectics

批判性阅读是培养批判性思维能力的重要途径之一,但现有的批判性阅读研究大多数都缺乏系统的理论依据,且提出的阅读步骤过于繁复,可操作性值得商榷。以语用论辩学中的批判性讨论理想模型为基础,提出一种新的、可操作性强的批判性阅读模式。该模式将批判性阅读活动简化为三大步骤——识别论证、分析与重构论证以及评价论证,并以China Daily上的一篇评论文章为例,演示说明了各个步骤的具体实施过程与操作方法。该模式有助于教师在课堂上对学生进行批判性阅读训练,同时也有助于学生在课外自主开展批判性阅读,从而达到提高学生的批判性阅读能力的目的。

There exists some research on how to do critical readings and teachings, but the reading steps mentioned in existing research are over-elaborated and the teaching strategies are too general for students to follow. This paper attempts to construct a new and operable critical reading model on the basis of the ideal model of critical discussion in the theory of pragma-dialectics. The proposed new model divides the whole critical reading activity into three parts： identifying arguments, analyzing and reconstructing arguments and evaluating arguments, with all of the specific implementations demonstrated in detail in the analysis and evaluation of a review article in China Daily on whether private sector influence should be prevented in healthcare industry. It is believed that the new critical reading model will be helpful both for teachers to organize critical reading activities in class and for students to conduct critical readings on their own after class.