五种雉鸡鸡蛋氨基酸成分分析和营养评价

Analysis on Amino Acid Composition and Nutritional Value of Five Kinds of Pheasant Eggs

试验选取蒙古雉鸡、黑化雉鸡、日本绿雉、中国环颈雉和杂交雉鸡5种雉鸡,对其蛋清、蛋黄和全蛋中氨基酸含量和组成进行测定分析,采用氨基酸比值系数法评价雉鸡鸡蛋营养价值。结果表明:5种雉鸡蛋清、蛋黄和全蛋中均含有17种水解氨基酸。日本绿稚蛋清、蛋黄和全蛋中氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸含量最高,全蛋中分别为25.43、10.61和8.52 g/100 g;参考WHO/FAO氨基酸模式谱,蒙古雉鸡、日本绿稚和黑化雉鸡全蛋中必需氨基酸组成均超出模式谱参考值。5种雉鸡全蛋的平均氨基酸比值系数分为85.23分,日本绿雉最高为89.37分。雉鸡鸡蛋氨基酸含量丰富,尤其必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量高,氨基酸组成合理,表明雉鸡鸡蛋具有广阔的开发利用前景。

The test selected five pheasant breeds, Phasianus colchicus, Phasianus colchicus Kiangsuensis, melanistic mutant pheasant,Phasianus versicolor and native hybrid pheasant,the amino acid composition in egg white,egg yolk and whole egg of five pheasant breeds were detected, and protein nutritional value was estimated by the method of ratio coefficient of amino acid. The results showed that all kinds of 17 hydrolysate amino acids were found in egg yolk, egg white and whole egg of five pheasant breeds. The content of total amino acid,essential amino acid and delicious amino acid in egg white, egg yolk and whole egg of Phasianus versicolor were the highest, 25.43, 10.61 and 8.52 g/100 g in whole egg respectively. Compared with the protein reference pattern provided by WHO/FAO, the components of essential amino acid in Phasianus colchicus Kiangsuensis, melanistic mutant pheasant and Phasianus versicolor eggs went beyond reference pattern. The average score of ratio coefficient of amino acids in five pheasant breeds was 85.23, Phasianusversicolor was the highest of 89.37. Eggs of five pheasant breeds were abundant in amino acid, especially in essential amino acid and delicious amino acid, the components of essential amino acid in pheasant eggs were relatively balanced and reasonable. It was concluded that the whole eggs of pheasant were nutritionally balanced and had a wide prospect.