论产权制度对我国历史建筑保护的影响

Study on the effect of property rights in the protection of historic buildings in China

在市场经济条件下,产权这一重要的市场因素渗透在城市建设的每一个角落,也是影响城市历史街区保护更新的重要因素.面对如今困难重重、保护更新工作艰难推进的历史街区,历史建筑的产权决定了保护的主体和最终的获利方式,解决好产权问题对于解决这些困难具有重要的现实意义.从产权的角度分析我国历史建筑保护存在这些困难的原因,包括历史建筑产权人缺少保护的动力,产权市场对历史建筑价值的忽视,寻租行为助长了历史建筑被毁弃,土地法律制度残缺,社会变革引起的单体建筑产权量变大等种种原因,从而在我国土地集体所有制的基本国情下,提出我国建筑产权制度改革的方向.

Under the conditions of the market economy,as an important market factor,property rights permeate in every corner of the city construction,and also play a very important role in the area of renovation of historic district.Nowadays,there are difficulties in the progress of renovating historic district,so the way of how to solve the issue of property rights becomes very urgent in determining who will renovate the historic buildings and who will get the benefits.From the perspective of property rights,the reasons for the difficulties in historic architecture conservation are：First,the owners of the historic buildings show the lack of the consciousness of conservation.Second,the property market ignores the value of historic buildings.Third,rent-seeking makes a good contribution to destroying the historic buildings.Forth,the law about property in land is not perfect.Fifth,the number of properties for one building becomes much bigger as a result of social change.Under the basic situation of China some methods of architectural property reform are presented to the solution of the current problems.