无牙颌牙垫的研制及临床应用效果

Development and clinical application effect of edentulous dental pad

目的探寻适合无牙颌患者较为方便、安全、舒适、有效固定气管插管的牙垫。方法 选择2013年1月~2015年12月郑州市妇幼保健院（以下简称“我院”）收治的子宫肌瘤患者86例为研究对象,均在全身麻醉经口气管插管下行腹腔镜下子宫全切术,采用随机数字表法分为实验组与对照组,每组43例。实验组采用我院自主开发研制的一次性无牙颌牙垫方式固定气管插管;对照组采用传统方法,放置普通一次性牙垫,再用3M胶布固定气管插管。观察两组患者口腔黏膜与牙龈破损情况、气管导管移位情况、牙垫放置时间。结果 两组口腔黏膜与牙龈破损情况、气管导管移位情况及牙垫放置时间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 无牙颌插管患者采用新型的一次性无牙颌牙垫固定气管插管,可有效防止气管插管移位和脱管、牙垫滑脱,保护口腔黏膜及牙龈,降低更换或调整牙垫导管频率。无牙颌牙垫结构简单、便于操作、安装方便。

Objective To explore dental pad of suitable for edentulous patients more convenient, safe, comfortable, ef- fective fixed endotracheal intubation. Methods 86 patients with uterine fibroids in Maternal and Child Hospital of Zhengzhou City （＂our hospital＂ for short） from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected as study objects. Laparo- scopic uterine full cut method was used in all patients under general anesthesia via tube intubation. All patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to digital randomized scale. Each group had 43 cases. Our hospital independently developed a one-time edentulous dental pad was used in experimental group. Traditional method of normal tooth mat placed and fixed endotracheal intubation with 3M tape was applied in control group. The oral mu- cosa and gum damage, endotracheal tube shift, teeth pad placed time between two groups were observed. Results The oral mucosa and gum damage, endotracheal tube shift, teeth pad placed time between two groups were compared, with statistical differences （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion New type of disposable toothless jaw teeth pad fixed endotracheal intuba- tion applied in edentulous patients can effectively prevent the displacement of endotracheal intubation and take off tube, dental pad slippage, protect oral mucosa and gums, reduce teeth pad catheter frequency of replacement or adjustment. Edentulous dental pad is simple in structure, easy to operate and convenient to install.