玉米单倍体幼胚加倍效果观察

Observation on doubling effects of immature haploid embryo in maize

以玉米荧光单倍体诱导系CAU^(YFP)诱导杂交种郑单958所产生的单倍体幼胚为材料,评价组培条件下除草剂甲基胺草磷(Amiprophos-methyl,APM)对单倍体幼胚的加倍效果。结果表明:利用荧光鉴别单倍体幼胚的准确率可以达到93%以上,单倍体幼胚通过愈伤途径和非愈伤直接发芽途径的生苗效率分别为11.6%和96.8%,非愈伤途径更简便高效。不同浓度APM处理的单倍体雄穗散粉效果存在明显差异,0.2、0.5和1.0μmol/L 3个处理的成株散粉率分别为9.5%、18.5%和37.0%,而对照未发现散粉植株,表明APM处理幼胚可以显著提高单倍体加倍效率。

A haploid inducer CAUYFP was used to induce hybrid Zhengdan958 and generate immature haploid embryos. Immature haploid embryos were treated with APM to evaluate in vitro chromosome doubling efficiency. The results showed that haploid identification accuracy through the difference of fluorescence intensity was higher than 93%. The efficiency of regeneration through callus and non-callus direct germination pathway were 11. 6% and 96. 8% respectively,which proved that direct germination was simpler and more efficient. The pollen-shedding rate were 9.6%, 18.5% ,37.0% under the treatment with different APM concentrations of 0.2,0.5,1.0 p.mol/L. Significant differences were discovered among APM treatments, while no pollen-shedding plants were found in the control, indicating that doubling agent APM can significantly increase the chromosome doubling efficiency of immature haploid embryos.