塔里木河上游湿地地表植被与土壤种子库的关系

The Relationship of the Soil Seed Bank and the Aboveground Vegetation of the Wetland in the Upper Reaches of Tarim River

【目的】研究塔里木河上游不同湿地类型地表植被、土壤种子库物种组成,及二者之间的关系,为退化湿地恢复重建提供依据。【方法】通过野外调查取样和室内萌发试验相结合的方法,对地表植被和种子库的组成、相似性进行分析。【结果】塔里木河上游各湿地类型地表植被物种数在6~14种,人工湿地单位面积物种数、植被盖度、植株密度均比天然湿地有明显增加;各湿地类型土壤种子库物种数在10~13种,处于较低水平;土壤种子库与地表植被物种组成相似性普遍较低,人工湿地中多浪水库坝外研究地和入水口研究地的相似性系数分别为0.5和0.538,天然湿地中塔河沿岸和牛轭湖的相似性系数分别为0.421和0.235。【结论】塔里木河上游不同湿地地表植被和土壤种子库组成均较匮乏,二者之间相似性系数不高,相似性系数表现为人工湿地高于天然湿地。

[ Objective ] This project aims to study the aboveground vegetation, soil seed bank and the re- lationship between them of different wetland types in upper reaches of Tarim river in order to provide the basis for restoration and reconstruction of the degenerate wetland. [ Method ] Through field investigation and sam- piing combined with indoor germination test to survey the aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank composi- tion and the similarity coefficient. [ Result] The species number of the aboveground vegetation in typical wet- land reached between 6 to 14. Compared with the natural wetland, it was a significant increase in species number, vegetation coverage and density of artificial wetland. The species number of soil seed bank in typical wetland reached between 10 to 13, which belong to the low level. The similarity coefficient was lower between aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank. They were 0.5 and 0.538 respectively in the artificial wetland and outside the bank of the Dulang Reservoir. The River wetland similarity coefficient was 0.421 and the lake wet- land~ was 0. 235. [ Conclusion ] Various types of wetland aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank were scarce in the research areas, and the similarity coefficient was low, which demonstrated that it was higher in the artificial wetland than that of the natural wetland.