间歇训练对青年伊犁马血液生化指标的影响

The Effect of Interval Training on Blood Biochemical Index of Young Yili Horse

【目的】通过对进行间歇训练的6匹青年伊犁马训练前、后12 km测试赛各阶段血液指标变化规律的分析,探究间歇训练对其血液生化指标变化规律的影响,为耐力马训练体系的建立和培育优质国产耐力马提供数据支持。【方法】分别于训练前后测试赛赛前、赛后即刻、赛后15 min、赛后90 min检测血浆中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、血尿素(UREA)和乳酸(LAC)6项血液生化指标,对其进行方差分析,并对比训练前后的变化规律。【结果】青年伊犁马通过9周间歇训练后,12 km测试赛用时极显著低于训练前(P<0.01)。训练前后马匹测试赛血浆CK、LDH变化趋势明显,训练前血浆CK、LDH赛后即刻升高,随后下降,再上升,赛后90 min CK极显著高于赛前(P<0.01),LDH显著高于赛前(P<0.05);训练后血浆CK、LDH均表现出现先上升,后下降,赛后90 min极显著高于赛前(P<0.01)。训练前后血浆ALT、AST、UREA、LAC与训练前变化趋势基本一致,但变化幅度较训练前更大,最大LAC较训练前提高了33.2%。【结论】马匹经9周间歇训练后,训练后测试赛马匹骨骼肌运动损伤小,具有更高训练程度,机体对血浆ALT、AST、LAC的耐受性有所提高。

[ Objective] To analyze the blood index change rule in each phase 12 km test race before and after the training based on the interval training with six young Yili horses, and explore the effect of interval training on blood biochemical indexes change rule in order to provide data support for the establishment of en- durance horse training system and cultivation of high - quality domestic endurance horse. [ Method ] Before and after the training respectively testing plasma with ALT, AST, CK, LDH, UREA and LAC, six blood bio- chemical indexes before the test, immediately after the test, 15 min and 90 min after the test and analyzing the variance, and contrast the changing rule of the before and after the training. [ Result ] The young Yili horse af- ter a period of nine weeks with interval training, the time consumed in 12 km test race was significantly lower than before the training（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Before and after the training, CK, LDH change trend was obvious in horse test race, the CK and LDH rose immediately after the test and then fell and rose again, the CK in 90 min after the test was very higher than before the test（P 〈0.01 ）, LDH was obviously higher than before the test（P 〈 0.05 ） ; after the training, the CK and LDH first rose than fell, in 90 min after the test it was ex- tremely higher than before the test（P 〈0.01）. Before and after the training, the ALT, AST, UREA and the LAC showed almost the same change trend, but the change was bigger than before the training, and the maxi- mum LAC was increased by 33.2% before the training. [ Conclusion] The horse after nine weeks with interval training, the horses sports injury of skeletal muscle is small, with a higher level of training, the body＇s toler-ance to plasma ALT, AST, LAC is improved.