拥挤系统阻碍物设置的真人行为实验研究

Human Experiments for Optimizing Obstacles Settings in a Crowd System

开展真人行为实验,研究拥挤人群疏散行为及阻碍物的优化设置,旨在为提高恐慌下人群疏散效率提供理论支持。观察实验视频,发现拥挤人群疏散所特有的现象,包括距离出口最近处三人挤压即可堵住出口,人群疏散过程呈现出一定的周期波动性等。对比有无阻碍物时人群疏散速度得出,在房间内合理设置阻碍物有利于提高人群疏散效率,并且设置两个阻碍物优于设置一个阻碍物。此外,阻碍物的设置有助于减轻人群在出口处的拥挤程度,使得疏散过程变得更加平稳有序,从而提高了疏散效率。

Based on what the previous studies did before, the researchers carry out human experi- ments to analyze the process of evacuation and the optimization of obstacles settings, thus provi- ding theoretical support to improve the efficiency of evacuation in a panic situation. The experi- mental videos provides us peculiar phenomena during the evacuation, for instance, three individu- als crowding together can block the exit and the evacuation process seems to be periodically fluc- tuated. By comparing experiments differentiated by the obstacle settings, the paper concludes that a reasonable placement of obstacles can improve the efficiency of evacuation, and that setting two obstacles is better than one. Furthermore, crowding is partly alleviated by the placement of obstacles, so that the evacuation process could become more stable, more orderly, thereby the efficieney of the evacuation is better.