苯甲酸乙酯制备实验的比较分析

Comparison and analysis for the synthetic methods of ethyl benzoate

以"有机化学实验"中苯甲酸乙酯的单元合成实验为例,结合现代有机合成设计的基本原则,从催化剂、实验装置、工艺过程等角度对不同的制备方法进行比较分析,得到了实验室制备苯甲酸乙酯的优化方法。使用浓硫酸催化苯甲酸和乙醇分子间脱水反应、采用回流-过量乙醇共沸脱水是苯甲酸乙酯合成单元实验的优先选择。通过这样的比较分析,有利于学生系统地掌握基本实验操作技能,提升实验知识综合运用能力,树立环境保护意识。

Based on the synthesis of ethyl benzoate in experimental organic chemistry, different cata- lysts and experiment equipment and technological process were analyzed according to the basic princi- ples of modern organic synthesis design. The optimized methods for the preparation of ethyl benzoate in lab were put forward. It is the preferable choice to use sulfuric acid as catalyst by esterification between benzoic acid and ethanol and use excessive ethanol as azeotropic dehydrating agent. This conclusion is beneficial to students to master the basic experimental skills, improve the comprehensive ability to use knowledge, set up the consciousness of environmental protection.