小型马铃薯残膜挖掘机的设计及试验

Design and test of small potato and plastic film harvester

为解决现有连杆升运式马铃薯挖掘机靠近挖掘铲的部分易与地面发生碰撞、连杆升运式分离装置在马铃薯输送分离过程中升运速率一样、甘肃全膜双垄沟种植马铃薯地区挖掘机在收获过程中无法分离残膜和秧茎等问题,该文研制一种与四轮拖拉机配套的小型马铃薯残膜挖掘机。为避免机前拥堵,并提高土薯分离效率,该机采用两级的升运链分离装置,通过计算确定两个不同升运角参数;为分离残茎和膜,采用残膜茎秆分离装置。仿真结果表明:小型马铃薯残膜挖掘机输运流畅、分离效果显著,明薯率为97.5%,伤薯率为4.3%、残膜收净率为87%,满足甘肃对马铃薯和地膜的农艺收获要求。

In order to solve the existing link near the elevator type potato digger digging shovel portion easily collide with the ground occurs,the rod elevator separation apparatus in potato transport separation process elevator rate,the Gansu whole film double furrow planting potatoes mining region machine plastic film cannot be separated and seedling stems and other issues during the harvest,the paper developed a small four-wheeled tractor potato digger plastic film.To avoid congestion before the machine,and improve soil potato separation efficiency,this machine uses two-stage elevator strand separation means determined by calculating two different elevators angle parameter;for the separation of residual stems and film,using plastic film separating the stem devices.The simulation results show：a small potato digger transporting plastic film and smooth separation effect is remarkable,clear potato was 97.5%,4.3%hurt potato,net income was 87% residual film satisfy Gansu potato harvest agronomic and film claim.