压缩机排气阀片断裂失效分析

Fracture failure analysis on discharge valve of compressor

为保障全封闭活塞式制冷压缩机排气阀片的质量稳定性及可靠性,本文通过有限元分析、阀片断裂口失效模式分析及可靠性模拟复现试验,借助扫描电子显微镜分析仪器,针对可能导致排气阀片断裂的因素进行可靠性试验研究。研究结果表明:排气阀片断裂失效机制为疲劳断裂,断裂原因为排气阀片压紧面精度不合格、排气阀片滚抛质量不达标;显微镜金相分析显示排气阀片表面或者边缘存在划痕,产生较大应力集中区,形成疲劳裂纹源。该研究为压缩机新产品的开发设计提供试验依据,有利于提高压缩机排气阀片的设计可靠性与使用稳定性。

In order to guarantee the discharge valve＇s quality stability and reliability for the hermetic reciprocating refrigerant compressor, through the FEA, fracture failure modes analysis of discharge valve, and repetition simulation test, the reliability experimental study is conducted using electron scanning microscope, according to the potential fac tots which may cause the fracture failure of discharge valve. The study results show that the fatigue damage of metal materials is the main causes for the fracture failure caused by the disqualification of discharge valve-interface＇s precision of machining and drum polishing. The SEM analysis indicates that the valve failure is fatigue fracture owing to surface scratches and stresses concentrating. This study provides experimental basis for new product development, and helps to improve the stability and reliability of discharge valve.