基于DEA模型的中国商业银行效率及生产率评价

Chinese Commercial Bank Efficiency and Productivity Evaluation Based on DEA

应用DEA模型对我国16家上市银行2006~2013年的效率进行了评估,结果表明国有银行效率持续低于股份制银行,且近年来两者之间的差距并未减小,金融危机对于股份制商业银行的影响要高于国有商业银行;通过计算Malmquist指数及其两层分解效率评价了研究期间各银行的生产率、技术效率及技术水平的变化,2006~2013年间中国商业银行整体生产率呈上升趋势,2010年以来,国有银行虽然生产率有所提高,但是技术效率却在不断下降;对Malmquist指数进一步分解得到,大部分商业银行在2010~2012年技术前沿面是完全向前推进的,技术水平整体提高,但是部分银行在2008~2010,以及2012~2013年间不仅效率有所下降,而且其生产前沿面出现倒退。

In this paper,DEA model is applied to evaluate the efficiencies of 16 Chinese listed commercial banks from 2006 to 2013. The result shows that the efficiency of state-owned banks are continually lower than joint-stock banks ,and the difference between the two groups remains in recent years. The impact of financial crisis on joint-stock commercial banks is higher than that on the state-owned commercial banks. By calculating Malmquist productivity index and its two decomposition level efficiency, the productivity, efficiency, and technological change during the period are evaluated. The overall productivity of Chinese commercial banks is progressed during 2006--2013, but the efficiency of state-owned banks is declining whereas the productivity has increased since 2010. The further decomposition of Malmquist index indicates that the frontier of most of the banks in 2010--2012 is completely progressed, but the efficiency is reduced in some of the banks and their technology regressed. Some banks shifted its strategy as well.