光催化与现代测试技术应用于物理化学实验的探索——以锑掺杂氧化铋的制备及光催化性能测试为例

Application of Photocatalysis and Advanced Testing Technology in Physical Chemistry Experiment:Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance Test of Sb-Doped Bi2O3 Nanomaterials

以一个掺杂型复合催化剂的制备与催化性能测试为实例,尝试了将光催化和现代测试技术应用于物理化学实验教学。采用溶剂热法合成锑掺杂氧化铋纳米材料,并通过X射线粉末衍射和扫描电子显微镜对其成分和形貌进行表征。选取罗丹明B作为模拟有机污染物,对可见光条件下锑掺杂前后氧化铋纳米材料光催化性能进行评价。结合材料光学性质和光电性质分析探讨锑掺杂提高氧化铋纳米材料光催化性能的机制。通过开设该实验,可让学生获取化学学科的前沿知识,了解光催化反应以及各种现代测试技术的基本原理,掌握新的实验操作技能和数据处理方法,加深对物理化学基础知识的理解,对提高学生的综合实验能力,培养创新型、复合型人才具有重要意义。

This paper introduced the application of photocatalysis and advanced measurement and testing technology in physical chemistry experiment teaching with example of preparation and photocatalytic performance test of Sb-doped Bi2O3 nanomaterials. Sb-doped Bi2O3 nanomaterials were fabricated via a solvothermal method. The component and morphology of the samples were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The visible-light-induced photocatalytic activities of undoped and Sb-doped Bi2O3 nanomaterials were evaluated by the photodegradation of Rhodamine B. The mechanism for enhanced photocatalytic performance of Sb-doped Bi2O3 was analyzed by the optical and photoelectronic properties. By means of this experiment, students would get advanced knowledge in chemistry, learn about the fundamentals of photocatalysis reaction and advanced testing technology, master novel experi- mental techniques, and get a better grasp of the basic knowledge of physical chemistry. Moreo- ver, the comprehensive experiment would be significant for improving experimental ability of the students and cultivating innovative and interdisciplinary talents.