温和的左翼:抗战时期史家张荫麟的论政与参政

The Moderate Leftist: Zhang Yin-lin's Political Discussion and Participation in the Period of Anti-Japanese War

粤籍史家张荫麟年少已在学界成名,同时对于政治长期有着超乎寻常的关心。"七七"事变前,持费宾社会主义之学说,同情中共,抨击政府对日的软弱外交,论政属于温和的左翼;事变后复又参与重庆政府之事务,试图为抗战出力,却无法一展所长,为时半年便黯然淡出,协同张其昀创办《思想与时代》以进行"文化保守"之工作。提出在抗战的大背景下,中共以外的左翼人士亦能为政府所用,却又无法大用。民国知识分子虽然逐渐边缘化,但仍普遍认为继承"道统"或代表"清议",预示着全国人心的走向。通过张荫麟的进退经历,正可认识左翼知识分子在抗战时的思想趋向,亦可帮助理解抗战结束后为何人心思变。

As a historian of Guangdong Province,Zhang Yin-lin had a good reputation in academia when he was young. Meanwhile he was extraordinarily concerned about politics for a long time. As a moderate leftist,he accepted Fabian Socialism,sympathized the Communist Party of China,and assailed the weak diplomacy of Nanjing Government to Japan before the outbreak of the July 7th Incident of 1937. Since then he was active in affairs of Chongqing Government and attempted to make contributions to the Anti-Japanese War.However,he could not fully display his talent,and faded out after a half year. Hereafter Zhang Yin-lin turned to cooperate with Zhang Qi-yun to found a journal,Thoughts and Times,in order to do endeavor for 'the Cultural Conservatism '. It reminded that some Leftists who were not in the league of the Communist Party of China could be enrolled in the government,but they would not be entrusted with important tasks under the background of Anti-Japanese War. Although intellectuals of the Republic of China were gradually marginalized,still widely believed was that the inheritance of 'Orthodoxy ' or the representation of'Political Criticism by Scholars ' indicated the trend of Chinese people's mindset. Through Zhang Yin-lin's personal experiences between advance and retreat,we could know the tide of thoughts of the left-wing intellectuals during the period of Anti-Japanese War,which was helpful to understand why people wanted to change after the end of the war.