华北井灌区地下水水位变化现状及应对措施建议

Current situation and countermeasures of groundwater level alteration in well-irrigated districts in North China

地下水是华北井灌区的重要水源。围绕华北井灌区地下水水位变化特征,国内学者开展了大量研究工作。在查阅相关研究成果的基础上,归纳分析了华北井灌区地下水水位时空变化规律及降水、农田灌溉对其产生的影响。针对华北井灌区地下水利用现状中存在的问题,提出了遏制地下水水位持续下降的对策和建议,包括充分利用汛期降雨回补地下水、合理确定作物种植强度和种植结构、因地制宜选择节水灌溉模式、建立地下水自动监测网络系统,为最严格水资源管理制度的实施提供技术支撑。

Groundwater is the main water source for well-irrigated districts in North China. Scholars have conducted a lot of research on characteristics of groundwater level alteration. Referring to relevant study results, summary and analysis are made on laws of spatial-temporal variation of groundwater level as well as impact of precipitation and farmland irrigation on its change. The existing problems on groundwater utilization are also discussed. Countermeasures and suggestions are proposed so as to slow down continuous decline of groundwater level, optimize crop planting intensity and pattern, apply proper irrigation mode for water saving, build automatic monitoring network system and provide technical support for the implementation of stringent water resources management system.