吉林省居民健康相关行为及影响因素分析

Analysis of Behaviors Related Health and Influencing Factors of Residents in Jilin Province

目的:了解吉林省城乡居民健康相关行为及其影响因素,为促进居民形成健康的行为和生活方式提供决策依据。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对吉林省22731名长住居民进行问卷调查。结果:城市居民吸烟率和饮酒率(19.2%、6.6%)明显低于农村居民(32.5%、10.8%),每周参加体育锻炼率和每天刷牙率(52.6%、98.4%)明显高于农村居民(15.3%、91.6%),城市居民健康行为总体形成率明显高于农村。不同性别、年龄、经济收入、文化程度的居民4项健康行为形成率均存在明显差异(均P<0.05)。女性、老年人、高经济水平、高文化程度、参保人群的健康行为总体形成率相对较高。结论:吉林省城乡居民不健康行为仍处于较高水平,尤其是农村居民的健康行为形成率较低,健康行为的形成与个人的社会经济、教育水平、性别、年龄密切相关。各相关部门应建立协同机制,构建促进公民健康的社会支持环境,促使居民形成健康的行为和生活方式。

Objective：To know the status of behavior related health and influencing factors of urban and rural residents in Jilin province and provide decision making basis for improving their healthy lifestyles. Methods：By using a stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey of 22731 inhabitants was conducted in Jilin Province. Results：The rates of smoking and drinking of urban residents （19. 2%, 6. 6%） were significantly lower than rural residents （32. 5%, 10. 8%）. The rates of taking part in physical exercise every week and brushing teeth every day of urban residents （52. 6%, 98. 4%） were significantly higher than rural residents （15. 3%, 91. 6%）. The rate of health behavior formation of urban residents is significantly higher than rural residents. The rates of health behavior were different among residents with different gender, age, income and education level（P〈0. 05）. The rates of health behavior formation of women, the elderly, high economic level, high education level and insured population were relatively high. Conclusion：The unhealthy behaviors of urban and rural residents were still in high level, especially the rate of unhealthy behavior of rural residents was in high level. The formation of health behavior was closely related to the level of personal social economic states, education, geuder and age. All related departments should be coordinated to establish social supporting environment to promote the residents to form healthy behaviors and lifestyles.