3种海洋浮游微藻影响太平洋纺锤水蚤存活、发育和繁殖的比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Effects of Three Marine Microalgae on Survival,Development and Reproduction of the Copepod Acartia pacifica

采用实验生态的方法,研究了3种海洋浮游微藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)存活、发育和繁殖的影响.实验以不同浓度的微藻投喂太平洋纺锤水蚤,测定了无节幼体发育到桡足幼体、桡足幼体发育到成体的时间和最终存活率,以及发育到成体后,在各浓度下,成体每天的产卵量和卵孵化率.结果表明:球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)、海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)适宜于作为太平洋纺锤水蚤生长、繁殖的饵料;摄食牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros mulleri)的太平洋纺锤水蚤可以完成无节幼体到成体的发育,但牟氏角毛藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤的生长、发育和繁殖具有一定的负面影响;牟氏角毛藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤产卵量和卵孵化的抑制作用更为显著,只有在低细胞碳质量浓度(0.35μg/mL)时,成体产卵量和卵的孵化才正常,当牟氏角毛藻细胞碳质量浓度达到1.70μg/mL或更高时,该桡足类的产卵量下降,且没有卵能孵化出幼体,表明牟氏角毛藻显著抑制了太平洋纺锤水蚤的繁殖过程.

The effects of three marine microalgae （Isochrysis galbana,Prorocentrurn m icans,Chaetoceros m ulleri ） on survival, development and reproduction of Acartia pacifica was studied using an experimental ecology method. Microalgae at different cell concentrations were used to rear the larva of A, pacifica to adult,and then, the developmental time and survival rate from hatching to first stage of copepodid then to adult were determined.Egg production of each female and hatching success were also measured.The results suggested that I. galbana and P. micans were good diets to A. pacifica for growth and production, whereas C. rnulleri showed negative effects on survival,development and reproduction of A. pacifica ,though the diet C. rnulleri could support the co- pepod to complete their development. Additionally, the egg production of females and hatching success were inhibited significantly when the copepods were reared with C. mulleri ,but normal with low concentration （0.35 μg/mL） of the alga.When C. rnulleri was fed to copepod at a concentration of 1.70 μg/mL or higher, the egg production of the copepod decreased with increasing concentration of the alga,and none egg could hatch,indicating that C. mulleri could inhibit the reproduction of A. pacifica significantly.