黑蝶贝苗种中间培育技术的初步研究

Intermediate Culture of Blacklip Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera Juveniles

以黑蝶贝野生群体人工繁育苗种为研究材料,探索了大、小两种规格和不同吊养深度对黑蝶贝苗海区中间培育的影响。将壳长、体质量分别为（4.12±0.019）mm、（0.07±0.008）g,（2.02±0.012）mm、（0.03±0.005）g两种规格黑蝶贝吊养于2m、4m、5m区,每组黑蝶贝500枚,养殖水温23.09~29.77℃,养殖海区水深8~10m。每隔30d随机抽取50枚贝苗测量壳高、壳长、壳宽、体质量。经180d中间培育,壳长（4.12±0.019）mm的黑蝶贝生长速度明显大于壳长（2.02±0.012）mm的黑蝶贝,表明壳长（4.12±0.019）mm的黑蝶贝出池移入海区养殖较理想。同一规格贝苗在2m、4m、5m养殖水层的成活率差异不显著（P〉0.05）,而3个不同养殖水层中不同规格贝苗养殖成活率差异显著（P〈0.05）。该研究结果为进一步开展黑蝶贝苗种人工繁育提供了重要参考。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of shell length of （4. 12±0. 019） mm and （2.02±0. 012） mm, body weight of （0.07±0. 008） g and （0.03±0. 005） g, and rearing depth of 2 m, 4m and 5 m on the rearing performance of blacklip pear oyster Pinctada margaritifera under conditions of 500 ind per treatment at water temperature of 23.09--29.77 ℃ in a 8-10 depth coast during the intermediate 180 day culture period. The results showed that the large size fingerlings had significantly higher growth rate than the small-sized fingerlings did, indicating that （4.12±0. 019） mm fingerling was more suitable for transferring from hatchery to sea-cages. There was no significant difference in survival in the finger- lings with same sizes cultured at the depth of 2 m, 4 m and 5 m （P〉0.05）, but the survival of fingerlings with different sizes was significantly different when cultured at different depth （P〈0.05）. The findings provide valuable information on the artificial breeding of blacklip pearl oyster.