跨国主义与美国移民史学

Transnationalism and American Immigration History

近年来兴起的"跨国主义"思潮给史学界带来了不小的冲击。美国移民史学中曾经被视为禁忌的一些观点,包括"双重民族主义"和"散居论"等等,现在正得到越来越多学者的认同,并且成为热门话题。在"跨国主义"思潮的影响下,许多已成定论的观点都得到了大幅修正或者即将被修正。不过,虽然"跨国主义"理论为美国移民史的研究开了风气,但如果我们过分强调跨国因素,进而轻视甚至否定民族国家的作用,也会令移民史的研究走上歧途。

In recent years,the rise of ＂transnationalism＂ has brought great impact to the academic circles. Some of the viewpoints once considered as taboos in American immigration history,including ＂dual- nationalism＂ and ＂Diaspora theory＂, are now being recognized by more and more scholars and become a hot topic. However, although many established opinions have been substantially revised under the influence of ＂transnationalism＂ ,It would be wrong to overemphasize the transnational factors or even underesti- mate or deny the role of the nation-state. Otherwise, the research on immigration history will be led into a wrong direction.