环境样品中石油烃的分类/分段检测技术

Testing Technology of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Speciation/Fractions in the Environmental Samples

石油烃主要由脂肪烃和芳香烃组成,芳香烃的毒性远大于脂肪烃,且在环境中分解时间较长。为了满足环境风险评估和修复的技术要求,研究了环境样品中石油烃的分类/分段检测技术。环境样品经过提取、浓缩、溶剂置换、分离,GCMS内标法定量、GCFID外标法定量分别检测石油烃中的脂肪烃和芳香烃。报告限值LOR：水样2-50μg/L;土壤和底泥样品0.2-10μg/g。样品的加标回收率在68%-90%,精密度测定RSD在3.0%-20%。

Total petroleum hydrocarbon（ TPH） contaminated sites are wide and harmful,it is one of the most prominent environmental problems in China at present. Petroleum hydrocarbon is mainly composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. The aromatic hydrocarbons are more toxic than aliphatic hydrocarbons,and the decomposition time is longer. In order to meet the requirements of the environmental risk assessments and remediation,the testing technology of TPH speciation / fractions for the environmental samples is developed. The main procedures are extraction,concentration,solvent replacement and separation,GCMS internal standard and GCFID external standard are used to quantificationally measure these materials. After run many real soil / sediments and water samples,the results have proved that testing technology is higher accurate,stable and available widely,with low level detect limits. It can be extensively popularized in the environmental fields. The limitations of LORs are 2 - 50 μg / L for water samples,and 0. 2- 10 μg / g for soil / sediment samples. The recovery of the matrix spike standard is between 68% - 90%,the RSD of the precisions is between 3. 0% - 20% for the environmental samples.