真空预冷压力对双孢菇贮藏效果的研究

Effect of Different Vacuum Pre-cooling Pressure on Storage quality of Agaricus bisporus

以双孢菇为试材,研究其在0℃经不同真空预冷终压(0.1、0.3、0.5 k Pa)预冷后,在常压(0.1 MPa)(0±1)℃下的贮藏效果。结果表明,预冷压力对双孢菇预冷后的失重率有显著影响,随着预冷压力的降低失重率升高;与未预冷组相比,真空预冷可有效抑制双孢菇的褐变、萎蔫和细胞膜渗透率的增长,但预冷压力对细胞膜渗透率和褐变影响不明显;真空预冷和预冷压力对开伞度无明显影响;真空预冷和预冷压力对双孢菇呼吸强度和萎蔫程度影响显著,0.3 k Pa组双孢菇样品的呼吸高峰较其他组均延迟,且贮藏结束时的萎蔫程度远小于0.1 k Pa组样品。综合分析得出,双孢菇的最佳预冷压力为0.3 k Pa,此结论为双孢菇的贮藏应用提供了一定的理论参考。

In this paper, we studied effect of different vacuum pre-cooling pressure of 0.1 k Pa, 0.3 k Pa and 0.5 k Pa on the storage quality of Agaricus bisporus at(0±1)℃ and normal atmospheric pressure(0.1 MPa). The results showed that,firstly, pre-cooling pressure had a significant effect on weight loss rate of Agaricus bisporus, and the weight loss rate increased with the decrease of pre-cooling pressure. Secondly, compared with no pre-cooling group, vacuum pre-cooling could effectively inhibit browning and wilting of Agaricus bisporus, and increase of cell membrane permeability,but pre-cooling pressure had no obvious influence on cell membrane permeability and browning. Thirdly, vacuum precooling and pre-cooling pressure had a significant effect on respiration intensity and wilting degree of Agaricus bisporus, but no obvious effect on the rate of cap opening, the peak of respiration of samples under 0.3 k Pa pre-cooling pressure was delayed compared with the other groups, and the wilting degree of the samples was considerably lower than the groups at 0.1 k Pa after storage. The optimum pre-cooling pressure was 0.3 k Pa. The study could provide a theoretical reference for the storage of Agaricus bisporus.