微贮香蕉茎叶品质评定研究

Study of quality assessment of microbialtreated banana stalks

研究选用香蕉茎叶作为青贮原料,采用完全随机区组设计,试验分为5个处理,分别添加0、1%、2%、3%、4%的微生态制剂,每个处理3个重复,在青贮后第5周采集青贮饲料进行品质评定。以研究添加不同剂量微生态制剂对青贮饲料感官指标、营养成分和乳酸菌含量的影响。试验结果表明:香蕉秸秆不论常规青贮还是微生物处理均能获得感官品质优等的青贮饲料,尤其是微生物处理提高了青贮香蕉秸秆品质;添加微生物处理组p H值和乳酸菌菌落数均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且二者均随着微生态制剂添加比例增加呈上升趋势;第Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组青贮秸秆乳酸的含量显著低于第Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,而第Ⅳ组和第Ⅴ组间差异不显著(P>0.05),且随着微生物制剂添加量的增加而增加;添加微生物制剂组乙酸的含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其中第Ⅰ组与第Ⅱ和Ⅲ组差异极显著(P<0.01),而与第Ⅳ、Ⅴ组差异显著(P<0.05);各处理组丁酸含量极少,且差异不显著(P>0.05)。青贮饲料粗蛋白质含量均高于原料(P<0.05或P<0.01),并且微生物处理组显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);各处理间粗纤维、粗灰分含量差异显著(P<0.05),NDF和ADF差异不显著(P>0.05);水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量各处理差异极显著(P<0.01),青贮后WSC水平显著降低,尤其是微生物处理组。综合以上分析可知,微生物处理能够提高香蕉茎叶青贮品质,添加水平达到1%即可。

This study was to estimate the fermentation quality of banana stalk as raw material, ensiled with microecologics, 5 groups were set to add different ratio of 0, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% microecologics, each group contained triplicate. After 5 weeks of fermentation, sensory index,nutrient content and num- ber of lactobacilli were recorded to estimate the influence of fermentation quality. Result： both conven- tional ensilaging and microecologics ensilaging could make good silage, however, the microecologics en- silaging was better; the pH value and number of lactobacilli was significantly higher than control group （P〈0.05）, and these value improved with the increasing ratio of microecologics; Lactic acid of group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significant lower than group Ⅳ and Ⅴ, and no significant difference was observed in group Ⅳ and V （P〉0.05）, the content of lactic acid were promoted with the increasing ratio of mi- croecologics; The content of acetic acid of experiment group were significant lower than control group （P〈0.05）, and highly significant differences were observed among group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and m （P〈0.01）, sig-nificant different were observed in group Ⅳ and Ⅴ （P〈0.05）. The content of butyric acid were pretty low with no significant differences in all groups （P〉0.05）. The content of crude protein （CP） in silage was significant higher than raw ma- terial （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and the microecolog- its ensilaging groups were significant higher than control group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; Crude fi-ber（CF） and crude ash（CA） of all groups were significantly different（P〈0.05）, the content of neutral de- tergent fiber（NDF） and acid detergent fiber were not significantly different（P〉0.05）; The content of wa- ter-soluble earbohydrate（WSC） were highly significant different among all groups （P〈0.01）, and the WSC of silage were significant depressed , especially the microeeologies ensilaging group. In conclu- sion, microecologics ensilaging could elevate the fermentation quality of silage, and the adding quanti- over 1%.