小微企业的界定及划型标准研究

The Research of Classification Standard and Definition of Small and Micro Enterprises

界定小微企业需要综合考虑地域、行业、界定主体权威、创业动机、界定标准发展性等原则,必须考虑质性指标,而不应该只单单考虑定量指标。本研究对世界部分国家或地区的小微企业界定标准进行了比较分析,在此基础上把微型企业界定为"由贫困家庭或贫困者拥有与经营的、员工不超过7人的企业",并认为界定微型企业时应该考虑企业业主、技术含量、企业所属行业等因素。我国最新的中小企业划型标准具有扩大的适用范围、新增了微型企业划型以及指标选取更加灵活和注重行业属性等特点,但是我国中小企业的最新划型标准还存在划型标准过高、微型企业可以单独划型以及企业划型界定主体过于严格统一和缺乏灵活性等问题。

Definition of small and micro enterprises need to consider geography, industry, authority, entrepreneurial motivation, development of standards defining principles, and consider the qualitative indicators, not only consider only quantitative indicators. On this basis, Definition of small and micro enterprises of some countries or regions are comparative analyze. The micro-enterprise is defined as a company what owned by poor families or poor and manage, employees not exceeding sevens. And owners, technical content, and other factors as industry property should be considered in definition of small and micro enterprises. Features of latest chinese classification standard of small and micro enterprises are expanded the industry scope, a new type of micro-enterprises type, flexible index and industry property. However, latest chinese classification standard of small and micro enterprises still exist some problems, such as standard too high, micro-enterprises can be classified individually, and agency classification lack of flexibility.